(CAMBRIDGE, Mass.) — As many turn their eyes to the skies to watch the solar eclipse, some with vision impairment are turning their ears to a new gadget.
The LightSound is a 3D-printed device, about the size of a cell phone, which can register the changing brightness of light. It then turns that information into a variety of sounds using a process known as “sonification.”
“Sonification is just taking data and converting it into sound,” says Allyson Bieryla, an astronomer at Harvard University. Bieryla came up with the idea for the LightSound ahead of the 2017 solar eclipse, alongside Wanda Díaz-Merced, an astronomer and sonification researcher who is blind. Bieryla says the LightSound represents an effort to use sonification to make astronomy more accessible to those with physical impairments.
To do this, the LightSound emits a range of sounds based on the amount of light it receives, Bieryla tells ABC Audio.
“We have this Midi synthesizer board on the device that basically allows us to map different instruments to the data values.”
A flute, for example, represents bright light. When it gets darker, Bieryla says “the midrange goes to a clarinet, and then in totality, or like a dark room or something, you might hear a clicking.”
The LightSound’s clicking slows down the darker its environment becomes.
“For totality, we really didn’t want to distract with a lot of sound, so we chose, like, the absence of light, the absence of sound,” says Bieryla. She says that’s because totality – the brief moment when the moon completely obscures the sun – brings with it other environmental changes.
“A lot happens during totality,” says Bieryla. “Temperature changes, people react, you know, insects and animals react.”
Since 2017, Bieryla and her team have distributed hundreds of LightSound devices around the world. They say they’ve donated more than 200 devices in the lead-up to the 2024 eclipse, and feature instructions on their website that detail how to build a LightSound device at home.
“We don’t want people to make a profit off of it,” says Bieryla. “We want to give it to the community.”
As for what’s next, Bieryla says they’re looking into ways to add haptics to the Lightsound, which would vibrate the device based on the amount of light it receives. It’s intended, she says, to bring the eclipse experience to those who are both sight and hearing impaired.
(NEW YORK) — Despite abortion being on the November ballot in Florida, pro-abortion groups say a six-week ban going into effect next month will have devastating consequences for women in the Southeast.
The Florida Supreme Court issued two decisions earlier this week, allowing a question on the November ballot that would enshrine abortion rights in the state’s constitution and upholding the state’s 15-week abortion ban. A trigger ban will now go into effect on May 1, prohibiting abortions at six-weeks gestation, before most women know they are pregnant.
Florida, despite its 15-week limit, has been a key point of access to women across the southeastern U.S. living in states that have ceased nearly all abortion services due to bans. At least 14 states have ceased nearly all abortions since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, ending federal protections for abortion rights.
In Florida, the proportion of abortions provided to patients traveling from out of state increased from 5% in 2020 to 11% in 2023, according to the Guttmacher Institute.
In 2023, there were 8,940 more abortions in Florida compared to 2020 — a 12% increase — according to Guttmacher. Increased travel from out of state accounted for 58% of the state’s overall increase in abortions between 2020 and 2023.
A Woman’s Choice, an abortion clinic with a location in Jacksonville, Florida, told ABC News that about half of the patients it sees every month are from out of state. The clinic would not disclose how many patients it treats at the Jacksonville location, but said it had a large increase in patients after neighboring states began enforcing abortion bans.
With Florida bordering Alabama and Georgia — where there are severe restrictions — the closest point of access for Floridians to get care past 12 weeks gestation is now Virginia or New Mexico, pro-abortion activists told ABC News.
Abortion care is allowed in North Carolina up to 12 weeks. However, one maternal fetal medicine specialist, who left the state due to the ban, told ABC News that providing care after 20 weeks was “fundamental to her practice” as she often diagnoses fetal anomalies sometime between 18 and 20 weeks gestation.
A Woman’s Choice clinics, which has a facility in Danville, Virginia, says that location is over 500 miles from their Jacksonville clinic — an over 8-hour drive each way.
And, there could still be more barriers for patients able to travel that far for care in Virginia.
“I’m not sure if the infrastructure [in Virginia] can accommodate all the influx of patients. It’s something that I’m really concerned about and I know providers have been working incredibly hard to see as many patients as [they can] safely and compassionately,” Amber Gavin, the vice president of advocacy and operations at A Woman’s Choice, told ABC News.
“But I do think that folks fall through the cracks especially folks who are already marginalized in our healthcare system,” Gavin said.
Impact of six-week bans
The six-week ban going into effect is “devastating” and “catastrophic for the region,” Mini Timmaraju, the president and CEO of Reproductive Freedom for All, told ABC News.
“There is really no distinction between a six-week ban and a total ban on abortion,” Timmaraju said.
According to Guttmacher, six-week bans have “massive impacts on abortion provision.”
In South Carolina, the number of abortions provided in the formal health care system decreased by 71% after the state started enforcing the six-week ban on Aug. 23, 2023. The state provided 250 abortions in September 2023 compared to 870 in August 2023, according to Guttmacher.
After six-week bans took effect in Georgia and Texas, there was about a 50% decline in abortion caseloads, according to Guttmacher.
Despite exceptions that allow abortions in some cases — which differs depending on the state — and federal law which requires physicians to provide life-saving care to patients, many patients are unsure what kind of care they can receive.
Bans “create a lot of confusion and chaos for people seeking care” making it “a bit harder for people to access care, but it’s also gonna be harder for people to navigate when they can access care,” Candice Gibson, the director of state policy at Guttmacher, told ABC News.
“I think that there’s going to be a great need to educate individuals on what their rights are and also how they can access care,” Gibson said.
Americans United for Life, an anti-abortion group, said the court’s decision was “reasonable” in walking back the notion that a privacy clause in the state’s constitution provided protections for a right to abortion.
Asked about reports of patients unable to get care in line with exceptions to bans in Florida and other states, Americans United for Life said it is up to the legislature to “take a look at that issue.”
“If it decides that the right to treatment for truly medically necessary abortions isn’t sufficiently clear, it could legislate to protect that right,” Steven Aden, the chief legal officer and general counsel at Americans United for Life told ABC News.
Aden said the group does not support exceptions in cases of fatal fetal anomalies, proposing “perinatal hospice” instead.
“We cannot license or permit any human being to end the life of a human being. Even if it’s for purposes of compassion. That’s also why we oppose assisted suicide,” Aden said.
Care in Florida under the ban
A Woman’s Choice told ABC News the abortion clinic has already had to turn away patients under the 15-week ban, calling a six-week ban “devastating.”
“One of the reasons that this ban makes it one of the worst in the country is because Florida already has a state-mandatory delay law, forcing folks to wait 24 hours and it mandates two in-person trips to a clinic,” Gavin said.
“If in a few weeks a patient comes to us — let’s say they come to us in June — and they come in for their consult appointment and they measure at six-weeks pregnancy, we literally wouldn’t be able to see them the next day for their actual abortion appointment because they’d be past the gestational limit,” Gavin said.
For patients past the gestational limit, the clinic will have options: help from patient navigators who provide financial assistance for abortion costs, help finding care in another state or a referral to a pro-abortion adoption agency.
Gavin said it is also likely some Floridians will choose to take matters into their own hands and self manage their abortions, or they may be forced to carry their pregnancies to term. The clinic will remain open and offer a range of OB-GYN care including ultrasounds, HIV testing and STI testing.
Ballot Initiative
Pro-abortion groups and A Woman’s Choice told ABC News they were optimistic about abortion access being restored through the November election.
In all six states where there have been abortion questions posed to voters — including conservative state like Kansas — they have chosen to protect abortion rights.
Voters also overwhelmingly support abortion access, according to Gibson, who called the ballot initiative a “critical fight.”
A Woman’s Choice, which actively participated in collecting signatures for the initiative, said it will be raising awareness about the ballot question, telling patients at their clinic to vote to protect and restore abortion in Florida. It will also be holding a rally.
The National Latina Institute for Reproductive Justice told ABC News that bans disproportionately impact their community, which are more likely to be uninsured. The group, part of the campaign for the ballot initiative, said it will work to ensure that information is available in Spanish, to help overcome language barriers.
Americans United for Life told ABC News the group does not support the issue being left up to “popular majority vote.”
“We believe that the rights of minorities [in this case fetuses] shouldn’t be subjected to the popular vote of the majority,” Aden said.
“We hope that the people of the state of Florida will recognize that the proposed initiative is really an all-out regime of abortion on demand,” Aden said.
Timmaraju called the ballot initiative the state’s “best option at restoring access in the South,” but warned that a question on the November ballot is not an option in all states.
“There’s not that many states left where we can pursue a similar path,” Timmaraju said.
“Not every state has a pathway to get on the ballot because it requires you to go through the legislature and a lot of these southern states need a supermajority of Republicans and are several [election] cycles away from being able to pull something like this off. But in Florida you can go directly to the people and get on the ballot,” Timmaraju said.
(NEW YORK) — Bird flu, also known as highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus, was first detected in 1996 among birds in China, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. One year later, an outbreak occurred in Hong Kong that resulted in 18 human cases, including six deaths, after the people were infected directly by birds.
In late 2021, a version of the virus arrived on U.S. shores and was detected in wild birds. Since February of 2022, the virus has been causing outbreaks in commercial poultry supply — leaving over 80 million birds affected in nearly all states, according to the CDC. Nearly 10,000 wild birds have also been impacted.
While the virus is most common in birds it has more recently spread to some other animal populations such as harbor seals, mountain lions, raccoons, polar bears, red foxes, as well as striped skunks, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Rarely, the virus can infect humans after interacting with an animal. Most recently, a dairy worker in Texas was presumed to be infected by sick cattle, according to the CDC. This is the second human case ever to be reported in the U.S.
There has not been any spread of the virus between people in the U.S., according to CDC Director Dr. Mandy Cohen. The risk to the public remains low, she added.
A total of nearly 900 human cases have been identified since 2003, with about half dying from the infection, according to the World Health Organization. Almost all the human cases were linked to close contact with infected birds or contaminated environments.
“I want folks to know that for 20 years, the United States government has been preparing and trying to learn about avian flu,” Cohen told ABC News.
The sick patient out of Texas reported eye redness as their only symptom and is recovering after isolating and being treated with an antiviral drug, according to the public health agency.
“We have treatment that is available, things like Tamiflu. Not only do we have that in pharmacies, but we have it in stockpile, here in the country. And we have vaccine candidates that are matched to the current virus,” Cohen said.
She maintained that the U.S. government is closely monitoring the situation.
“The fact that it spread to one human case is certainly making us want to take this very seriously. But folks should know that right now, the risk to them is very low,” Cohen said.
“These are the things that reassure me: 20 years of preparation, no genetic changes to this virus, no human-to-human spread and nothing in the virus in terms of adaptations that would make us think it is more adaptive to human spread,” she added.
Recent analyses from the CDC indicate that the virus has not adapted to better infect humans.
“As we look more closely at the virus’s genetics, it is very similar to the virus that we’ve seen spread in bird populations. And so, we’re not seeing an important change in the virus that would increase our alarm,” said Dr. John Brownstein, chief innovation officer at Boston Children’s Hospital and an ABC News medical contributor.
Those who work with wild animals or livestock may be at higher risk of being exposed and infected with bird flu, according to the CDC.
People should avoid direct contact with wild birds and observe them from a distance, according to the CDC. It is also important to avoid contact with sick or dead animals, in general. Human infections can occur when the virus gets into a person’s eyes, nose or mouth, or is inhaled, typically after prolonged contact.
“The risk really is concentrated in those that are working in close proximity to animals and birds,” Brownstein said.
“And those are the people that we, of course, need to improve our surveillance and make sure that we identify any case as early as possible,” he added.
Because milk products are pasteurized, there is no concern about the safety of the commercial milk supply, according to the USDA. Other federal agencies like the FDA and CDC warn against drinking raw milk or products made from it, due to the risk of viruses and bacteria, which may lead to infection or foodborne illnesses.
“So far, there is no concern for food in our supply chain. There is no risk to those that are consuming dairy and meat products,” Brownstein said.
The USDA also remains confident that the meat supply is safe and reminds us that cooking to a safe internal temperature kills bacteria and viruses, including bird flu.
“We feel in a good place to be able to understand this, learn more, and be prepared. But we are taking it very seriously. And so, you are seeing a mobilization of all of the government levers that we have to make sure that we are prepared,” Cohen said.
A pharmacist holds a box of Novo Nordisk A/S Ozempic brand semaglutide medication at a pharmacy in Provo, Utah, Nov. 27, 2023. (George Frey/Bloomberg via Getty Images)
(NEW YORK) — Costco members love the big box retailer for its wide selection of goods but now the warehouse club is wading into specialized health care and expanding its partnership with Sesame to offer exclusive pricing on weight loss programs.
Sesame said Tuesday in a press release that Costco will offer members a three-month subscription at the exclusive discount of $179 when they sign up for the weight loss program within the health care company’s direct-to-patient marketplace.
The subscription includes a live video consultation appointment with a weight loss doctor of the patient’s choice, guidance on nutrition and exercise and a medical history analysis for an individualized, clinically-appropriate treatment program. Based on that history, the doctor may prescribe the member a weight loss medicine like Ozempic or Wegovy.
“Individual patient eligibility for drug therapies available through Sesame are determined by the assessment of appropriateness of each therapy by the Sesame-listed provider, and are subject to availability,” according to the company.
The cost of that medicine, however, is not included in the base price and without insurance, these drugs can cost upwards of $1,000 per month.
Another challenge could potentially be getting the prescription filled as pharmacies across the country have reported shortages amid increased consumer demand for these drugs. Earlier this year, Ozempic and Wegovy maker Novo Nordisk said it’s working to increase supply, but the U.S. Food and Drug Administration still has semaglutide — the main ingredient in both prescriptions — on its list of drug shortages.
The move from Costco follows rivals Amazon and Weight Watchers, which both offer similar weight loss services to members.
Costco did not immediately respond to ABC News’ request for comment.
Sesame said the program is about making high-quality specialty care like weight loss more accessible and affordable.
“We are witnessing important innovations in medically-supervised weight loss,” Sesame co-founder and CEO David Goldhill said in the press release. “Sesame’s unique model allows us not only to make high-quality specialty care like weight loss much more accessible and affordable, but also to empower clinicians to create care plans that are specific to — and appropriate for — each individual patient.”
Because Sesame doesn’t accept health insurance, Costco Members who prefer to pay cash for health care needs could do so.
Costco first announced its partnership with Sesame in September 2023 to deliver exclusive, low pricing from Sesame’s marketplace to members for core health care services such as virtual primary care, health checkups and virtual mental health therapy.
Activist Vera Holmes, whose family has lived in Memphis for generations, says she will keep pushing until the EtO facility is out of her community. (ABC News)
(NEW YORK) — After years of holding community meetings and knocking on doors, community activists are now seeing action about an invisible risk raising concerns about cancer in their communities.
A recently announced rule from the Environmental Protection Agency would reduce an estimated 90% of ethylene oxide emissions from the facilities that use it. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and odorless gas that is considered essential for sterilizing medical devices but also has been linked to cancer risk for people breathing in significant amounts of it over time.
Around 20 billion medical devices used in the United States, including ventilators, syringes and catheters, are sterilized with ethylene oxide (EtO) every year.
“Ethylene oxide is the most widely used, safe and effective, scientifically proven modality for medical device sterilization not only in the United States, but worldwide,” said Dr. Suzanne Schwartz, director of the Office of Strategic Partnerships and Technology Innovation at the Center for Devices and Radiological Health at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
While there is no known risk to doctors and patients using the EtO-sterilized devices, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced in 2022 that long-term exposure to the gas emissions from facilities can increase the risk of cancers including lymphoma, leukemia, stomach and breast cancers.
There are 88 facilities that use EtO to sterilize medical equipment all around the country in 32 states and Puerto Rico. Some residents nearby fear that the emissions that escape these facilities could be threatening their health.
The new EPA rule comes after years of activism from residents in communities that were notified the amount of EtO they could be exposed to posed a risk of cancer that the EPA considered concerning.
In South Memphis, Tennessee, the Mallory Heights Community Development Corporation has been raising awareness of the potential hidden danger of EtO emissions in their neighborhood.
“So many people that I know within my family and live in this area have died of cancer or have cancer now,” Vera Holmes, president of the Mallory Heights CDC, told ABC News’ Nightline.
While scientists say it is nearly impossible to link any one person’s cancer to EtO, local residents raise concerns about their cancer diagnoses being related. Ural Grant, who has lived in South Memphis for more than 35 years, was diagnosed with Stage 4 colon cancer in 2019. He says that many of his neighbors also have cancer.
“I thought this was my American dream right here to have a home, to have a house,” Grant said. “But then it kind of turned into an American nightmare.”
Grant says he cannot afford to move due to mounting medical bills. Similarly, many of those impacted by EtO emission live in working-class neighborhoods.
KeShaun Pearson, president of Memphis Community Against Pollution, believes that racial injustice is at play when toxic gas emission happens in predominantly Black neighborhoods.
“[Memphis] as a whole has an F in air pollutants and in air quality, and 98% of the particular matter that makes up the pollution is here in South Memphis,” Pearson said. “That is not coincidental. That is by design. It’s been designed that this area specifically is a place where people’s lives can be sacrificed.”
In Laredo, Texas, residents face a similar battle. The border town is home to a population of about 250,000 people, mostly working-class and Hispanic.
“This is one of the largest warehousing areas in the city,” said Victor Trevino Jr., a local attorney who has lived in this town all his life. “We have residential areas right next to this industrial area within a couple of miles.”
Among the industrial facilities nearby, Midwest Sterilization Corporation has been in operation since 2005. Up to 40% of all the nation’s sterilization kits are sterilized in this location.
“Laredo has a 95% Hispanic population. We have one of the highest poverty rates in the state,” Trevino said. “This is really a crisis for us at this point.”
Victor’s father, Dr. Victor Trevino Sr., has worked as a physician in the community for around 40 years. He also served as the health authority before his current role as mayor of Laredo. He says it’s important to balance the need for employment with safety.
“It employs a significant amount of people, and employment is good for a community,” Dr. Trevino Sr. said to Nightline. “But we also have to say, ‘at what cost?’”
Despite the plant being built in 1976, many residents living just minutes from Midwest Sterilization say that they have no idea the plant was even there.
“We have always been in compliance with state and federal regulations and continue to be,” Midwest Sterilization Corporation said in a statement to ABC News. “Our top priority is ensuring that we can continue to keep communities safe while helping to save patients’ lives. We are firmly committed to doing everything possible to continue to reduce emissions and keep Laredoans safe.”
Now, changes are happening on a federal level.
For the first time in 50 years, the EPA released new rules for commercial sterilization that uses EtO, aiming to reduce emission by more than 90%. Under the new regulation, facilities will have to implement major changes including pollution control, ventilation systems, and increased monitoring and reporting.
EPA Administrator Michael Regan said in a statement that the agency listened to impacted communities in drafting a rule to protect their health.
“We’ve arrived at a historically strong rule that will protect the most exposed communities from toxic air pollution while also ensuring that there will be a process that safeguards our nation’s critical supply of sterilized medical equipment,” Regan said.
Scott Whitaker, the CEO of AdvaMed, a group that represents sterilization facilities, spoke about potential changes during a House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee hearing.
“We’ve made it clear that we welcome updated regulations. After all, our industry’s commitment to saving and improving lives does not end where sterilization begins,” Whitaker said. “How regulators implement this updated rule is critical to ensuring that there is (1) no disruption to the medical supply chain and (2) no harm to patients, and that (3) the communities surrounding these facilities remain safe.”
While AdvaMed added in a statement that they have worked with the FDA and the EPA to ensure the final rule would “enhance and not hinder” their company’s “already-well-established commitment” to safe sterilization, the facilities could take two, three years or longer to comply with the new rule.
The FDA emphasizes the importance to balance reducing emissions while not jeopardizing the medical device supply chain.
“It is not a zero-sum game,” Schwartz said. “We have to be able to achieve these objectives in parallel and together.”
The company in Memphis, Sterilization Services of Tennessee, announced last year they would move to a new location outside of the community. In a letter to a member of Congress, they said they “have never been out of compliance with reference to federal, state, and local mandates.”
*To address legal’s note – this quote was all that was included in the broadcast.
ABC News has reached out to Sterilization Services of Tennessee and received no response.
Activists like Vera Holmes say she will keep pushing until the EtO facility is out of her community.
“People are tired,” said Holmes. “They’re afraid to speak up or speak out. But that’s up to us as leaders to step in and say, ‘hey, we hear you, and we can make some things happen.’ It just takes the right team to do the right thing.”
(NEW YORK) — Although still confident the risks of avian flu to the human population are low, a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention senior official told ABC News they are taking seriously dairy cows being infected in at least 11 farms and, most recently, a human dairy farmer in Texas.
Public health officials have been “working on avian flu and preparing for it [in humans] for 20 years,” the senior CDC official told ABC News. “We’ve invested in our ability to test for it, to prevent it, to treat it.”
“These are the things that reassure me: 20 years of preparation, no genetic changes to this virus, no human-to-human spread and nothing in the virus in terms of adaptations that would make us think it is more adaptive to human spread,” the official said.
The official said the human who contracted avian flu, discovered last week in Texas, works with dairy cows. They “had mild symptoms; they’re doing well and recovering,” the official said.
The official went on to say that the CDC and the U.S. government were “taking this situation very seriously and closely monitoring it.” The federal agency is working with local health departments, state health departments and the U.S. Department of Agriculture and has, over the last two decades, invested in the ability to prevent and treat the disease, the official added.
There is still no evidence of human-to-human transmission of bird flu, called H5N1, within the United States, the official said. The latest evidence shows the virus did not adapt to infect a human.
The fact that the virus does not appear to be passing from person to person is one reason that the CDC feels confident that, at this moment, the risk to the public is low.
The official said current tests and treatments still work, and, if needed, there is a capacity to increase manufacturing of Tamiflu, an antiviral medication, millions of doses of which are in the national stockpile. Additionally, vaccines could be developed in an accelerated timeline, the official told ABC News.
The official dismissed any comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic for reasons including the fact that avian flu is not a new virus, medications already exist to treat it, there is no evidence of human-to-human spread and no evidence of the virus having mutated.
While the sick person in Texas was presumed to have been infected by a cow, it remains possible that a bird was also the culprit as both cows and birds were sick and present on the farm, the official said. Local health departments are set to test symptomatic individuals exposed to infected livestock, a CDC spokesperson confirmed.
Infection can occur between animals and humans due to the virus getting into a person’s eyes, nose, mouth, or if inhaled, according to the CDC. Respiratory transmission in close proximity is believed to be the most likely way the virus is passed on. People who are in close proximity to infected animals may be at greater risk of infection.
There are currently 11 dairy herds with confirmed positive cases in cattle, according to the USDA. This includes seven in Texas, two in Kansas, one in Michigan and one in New Mexico.
(NEW YORK) — Four years since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, new data shows how severely the pandemic impacted young people’s mental health, particularly girls.
During the pandemic, there was an increase in severe emergency room psychiatric visits for children and teens, including for conditions like bipolar disorder, substance abuse disorders, and schizophrenia, according to research published in the journal Academic Emergency Medicine.
In addition, mental health-related emergency room visits increased “beyond expected rates” for girls near the end of the pandemic, from 2021 to 2022, according to the research.
“We observed a unique vulnerability for girls during the pandemic, which indicates that girls’ mental health requires more attention,” the study’s lead author, Jennifer Hoffmann, MD, MS, emergency medicine physician at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, said in a statement.
The newly published data, which looked at emergency room visits across nine U.S. hospitals, builds on existing data showing an ongoing mental health crisis among young people.
In the last months of 2021, the U.S. surgeon general described the pandemic’s impact on youth mental health as “devastating,” and organizations representing child psychiatrists, pediatricians and children’s hospitals declared a national emergency for youth mental health.
A study published in 2022 by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that more than 1 in 3 high school teens dealt with poor mental health during the pandemic, and 1 in 5 reported considering suicide.
The same study found that nearly 3 in 4 teens reported at least one adverse childhood experience — such as bullying, loss of a parent, or violence — during the pandemic.
Prior research has established a link between adverse childhood experiences and an increased risk of chronic health conditions, changes in behavior, depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors.
In addition, the pandemic also brought on social isolation for many teens, which can also impact their mental health, according to Dr. Jennifer Ashton, ABC News chief medical correspondent and a board-certified OBGYN and obesity medicine specialist.
“This is a vulnerable group. Their premise for development is actually social connectedness, so that explains why the pandemic had such a negative impact on them,” said Ashton, who was not involved in the research. “And anatomically, the prefrontal cortex, those connections are immature and subject to significant consequences based on environment, so again, there’s actual anatomy and physiology to explain why this is happening.”
Ashton said it’s important for parents and healthcare providers to remember that mental illness may present differently in kids than it does in adults.
Symptoms of mental health struggles in kids may look like social isolation, changes in sleep patterns, abusing alcohol or drugs, hurting other people or engaging in self-harm, exercising or dieting obsessively, and feeling sad and hopeless, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
Ashton noted that a child’s mental health should be prioritized as much as their physical health. And just like a child would go to a doctor for a physical health condition, there are resources available for professional help with mental health as well.
According to the CDC, schools are important resources for help with mental health, as well as medical doctors, including psychiatrists, and mental health counselors and psychologists.
“You have to understand that you don’t have to navigate this by yourself,” Ashton said. “If you have concerns, if you have questions, ask for help. Mental health professionals, your child’s pediatrician, this is their wheelhouse and they can help.”
If you are experiencing suicidal, substance use or other mental health crises, please call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. You will reach a trained crisis counselor for free, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. You can also go to 988lifeline.org.
(NEW YORK) — Four years since the start of the coronavirus pandemic, new data shows how severely the pandemic impacted young people’s mental health, particularly girls.
During the pandemic, there was an increase in severe emergency room psychiatric visits for children and teens, including for conditions like bipolar disorder, substance abuse disorders, and schizophrenia, according to research published in the journal Academic Emergency Medicine.
In addition, mental health-related emergency room visits increased “beyond expected rates” for girls near the end of the pandemic, from 2021 to 2022, according to the research.
“We observed a unique vulnerability for girls during the pandemic, which indicates that girls’ mental health requires more attention,” the study’s lead author, Jennifer Hoffmann, MD, MS, emergency medicine physician at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, said in a statement.
The newly published data, which looked at emergency room visits across nine U.S. hospitals, builds on existing data showing an ongoing mental health crisis among young people.
In the last months of 2021, the U.S. surgeon general described the pandemic’s impact on youth mental health as “devastating,” and organizations representing child psychiatrists, pediatricians and children’s hospitals declared a national emergency for youth mental health.
A study published in 2022 by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that more than 1 in 3 high school teens dealt with poor mental health during the pandemic, and 1 in 5 reported considering suicide.
The same study found that nearly 3 in 4 teens reported at least one adverse childhood experience — such as bullying, loss of a parent, or violence — during the pandemic.
Prior research has established a link between adverse childhood experiences and an increased risk of chronic health conditions, changes in behavior, depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors.
In addition, the pandemic also brought on social isolation for many teens, which can also impact their mental health, according to Dr. Jennifer Ashton, ABC News chief medical correspondent and a board-certified OBGYN and obesity medicine specialist.
“This is a vulnerable group. Their premise for development is actually social connectedness, so that explains why the pandemic had such a negative impact on them,” said Ashton, who was not involved in the research. “And anatomically, the prefrontal cortex, those connections are immature and subject to significant consequences based on environment, so again, there’s actual anatomy and physiology to explain why this is happening.”
Ashton said it’s important for parents and healthcare providers to remember that mental illness may present differently in kids than it does in adults.
Symptoms of mental health struggles in kids may look like social isolation, changes in sleep patterns, abusing alcohol or drugs, hurting other people or engaging in self-harm, exercising or dieting obsessively, and feeling sad and hopeless, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.
Ashton noted that a child’s mental health should be prioritized as much as their physical health. And just like a child would go to a doctor for a physical health condition, there are resources available for professional help with mental health as well.
According to the CDC, schools are important resources for help with mental health, as well as medical doctors, including psychiatrists, and mental health counselors and psychologists.
“You have to understand that you don’t have to navigate this by yourself,” Ashton said. “If you have concerns, if you have questions, ask for help. Mental health professionals, your child’s pediatrician, this is their wheelhouse and they can help.”
If you are experiencing suicidal, substance use or other mental health crises, please call or text the 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. You will reach a trained crisis counselor for free, 24 hours a day, seven days a week. You can also go to 988lifeline.org.
(NEW YORK) — Rebel Wilson is getting candid about her weight loss journey.
During her interview with The Sunday Times, the Pitch Perfect star shared she has tried weight loss drug Ozempic as one of the methods to help maintain her size.
Discussing the medication, which use has skyrocketed in popularity over the past year, Wilson told the outlet, “Someone like me could have a bottomless appetite for sweets, so I think those drugs can be good.”
Noting that she is no longer using the drug, the Australian actress explained her decision to slim down came after her fertility doctor shared it would help increase her chance of success at in-vitro fertilization.
“Basically no one apart from my mom wanted me to lose weight,” Wilson said. “People thought I’d lose my pigeonhole in my career, playing the fat funny character, and they wanted me to continue in that.”
Ozempic is one of a class of drugs called GLP-1 RAs that help people produce insulin and lower the amount of sugar in the blood. The drugs work by slowing down movement of food through the stomach and curbing appetite, thereby causing weight loss for some.
Ozempic’s active ingredient is semaglutide, it is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat Type 2 diabetes, and can be prescribed off-label for weight loss, as is allowed by the FDA. The same medication is approved under the name Wegovy and is approved to treat Obesity or weight loss for someone who has a comorbidity like high blood pressure.
Wilson has shared previously that she transformed her life after committing to a “year of health” in 2020.
At the time, Wilson said she had also committed to working on her mental health in addition to her physical health.
“I’m like, ‘I need to do a really holistic approach this time,'” the actress said during an appearance on The Drew Barrymore Show in November 2020. “I think what I mainly suffered from was emotional eating and dealing with the stress of becoming famous internationally … There is a lot of stress that comes with it and I guess my way of dealing with it was eating doughnuts.”
Earlier this year, Wilson shared in an Instagram post that she recently gained 30 pounds, noting that she has been busy working on new movies and a new memoir, which has led to stress.
“Working really hard has meant that, coz of all the stress, I’ve gained 14kg’s (30 pounds)! It makes me feel bad about myself…it shouldn’t…but it does,” Wilson wrote alongside a short video and photo of herself. “I’m really proud of the work I’ve been doing on new movies and my memoir, it’s just been a LOT and I’ve lost focus on my healthy lifestyle.”
Wilson’s relatable struggle with regaining some of the weight that she lost seemed to resonate with her followers on Instagram, where her post has received over 150,000 likes, and supportive comments.
Wilson later updated her post at the time to thank her followers for their support, writing, “Update: I woke up this morning and read all your comments – they bring a tear to my eye. Thanks everyone!”
“Eclipse Across America,” will air live Monday, April 8, beginning at 2 p.m. ET on ABC, ABC News Live, National Geographic Channel, Nat Geo WILD, Disney+ and Hulu as well as network social media platforms.
Millions of people across North America will soon be gathering to watch the historic total solar eclipse on April 8.
While it may be enticing to observe the sun slowly covered, and eventually completely blocked, by the moon, doing so with the naked eye can lead to long-lasting, or even permanent, eye damage.
“The sun is a really powerful star,” Debra Ross, co-chair of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) Solar Eclipse Task Force, told ABC News. “What that means is our bodies are not conditioned to look at the sun. It causes eye damage if we ever tried to stare fixedly directly at the sun.”
“It’s tempting to try to do that during the partial phases of a total solar eclipse, because you want to see what’s happening,” she continued, adding that looking at the sun without proper glasses will undoubtably cause retinal damage.
Experts explained why viewing an eclipse can damage the eyes, what type of glasses you’ll need to watch the “Great American Eclipse” and when is the only time you can take those glasses off.
What is ‘eclipse blindness’?
Looking at the sun during the eclipse without proper eye protection — even for just a couple of seconds — can lead to “eclipse blindness,” or solar retinopathy.
This refers to the retina, which is the layer at the back of the eye. Photoreceptors, which are cells inside the retina, convert light into electrical signals. Those signals are sent by the optic nerve to the brain to create the image a person sees.
However, staring at the sun during an eclipse can burn the retina. Mild symptoms can include watery eyes, eye soreness, headaches and light sensitivity but more serious symptoms include blurry vision, blind spots, dim vision, distorted vision and eye pain.
“There have been people who have had pictures taken of the retina and you can see a crescent-shaped burn in the retina from where the image of the sun got burned onto it,” he added.
If you believe you have suffered a retinal burn, experts say to immediately visit an eye doctor, such as an ophthalmologist or optometrist, to monitor the condition.
Can I watch the eclipse with sunglasses?
Typically, sunglasses protect the eyes from harmful rays with mirror coating and ultraviolet (UV) coating to protect your eyes from UV light and anti-reflective coating to limit reflections.
However, when it comes to the eclipse, regular sunglasses will not offer proper protection, nor will stacking several pairs of sunglasses on top of each other.
“Unfortunately, sunglasses are not enough, because you need them to actually be 1,000 times darker than regular sunglasses,” Dr. Nicole Bajic, an ophthalmologist and assistant professor at the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute, told ABC News. “So, we are looking specifically for the eclipse glasses, and these have a special filter called the ISO 12312-2.”
ISO 12312-2 is the international safety standard for solar viewers, or products designed for direct viewing of the sun. This does not apply to solar filters that fit on the front of devices such as camera lenses.
Because counterfeit glasses, which claim to be ISO-compliant but actually have not been thoroughly tested, can be easily found online for sale, it is advised to check the AAS website for vetted vendors.
“When you get the eclipse glasses, I want everyone to inspect them just to make sure they’re free of any scratches, holes or tears that would allow direct sunlight through,” Bajic said.
How do I use solar eclipse glasses?
When watching the partial phases of the solar eclipse, when the moon is only partially covering the sun, the experts advise keeping the eclipse glasses on.
Similarly, if you are watching through a camera lens, binoculars or a telescope, make sure it has a special-purpose solar filter according to NASA.
The only time it is safe to take the glasses off is during the brief period of totality, when the sun is completely covered by the moon, which will last at most four-and-a-half minutes.
As soon as the moon starts to move, it’s time to put the glasses on again.
“You will see a bright spike of light coming out from behind the moon,” Ross said. “You know that that is your signal to go and put them back on and then you’ll get to watch the second partial phase of the eclipse.”
Complete totality will occur only along a narrow path, and most of North America will have a partial solar eclipse. As such, most viewers will require special-purpose safe solar filters to view the eclipse, according to the AAS.
What if I don’t have eclipse glasses?
If you don’t have eclipse glasses, there are still creative ways to view the clips. One is through a pinhole viewer.
Poke a hole in a piece of cardboard and look down to see the shadow of the sun in the shape of a crescent projected onto the ground.
“You can also do that with a regular spaghetti strainer,” Ross said. “You’ll see lots and lots of little suns being slowly eclipsed by the moon. We advise doing that instead of ever trying to look at the sun without approved solar filters.”
To use the viewer, position yourself with your back to the sun so that you do not look directly through the pinhole at the sun and use the pinhole viewer at your own risk as these are not officially reviewed for safety.
